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Klaipėda () is a city in Lithuania situated at the mouth of the Danė River where it flows into the Baltic Sea. It is the third largest city in Lithuania and the capital of Klaipėda County. The city has a complex recorded history, partially due to the combined regional importance of the Port of Klaipėda, a usually ice-free port on the Baltic Sea, and the Akmena – Danė River. It has been controlled by the Teutonic Knights, the Duchy of Prussia, the Kingdom of Prussia, the German Empire, the Entente States immediately after World War I, Lithuania as a result of the 1923 Klaipėda Revolt, and the Third Reich following the 1939 German ultimatum to Lithuania. The city was incorporated into Lithuania during its time as a Soviet Socialist Republic and has remained within Lithuania following its re-establishment as an independent state. The population shrank from 207,100 in 1992 to 157,350 in 2014.〔http://db1.stat.gov.lt/statbank/selectvarval/saveselections.asp?MainTable=M3010211&PLanguage=1&TableStyle=&Buttons=&PXSId=3767&IQY=&TC=&ST=ST&rvar0=&rvar1=&rvar2=&rvar3=&rvar4=&rvar5=&rvar6=&rvar7=&rvar8=&rvar9=&rvar10=&rvar11=&rvar12=&rvar13=&rvar14=〕 Popular seaside resorts found close to Klaipėda are Nida to the south on the Curonian Spit, and Palanga to the north. ==Names== The Teutonic Knights built a castle in the *Pilsāts Land of the Curonians and named it ''Memelburg''; later the name was shortened to ''Memel''. From 1252–1923 and from 1939–1945, the town and city was officially named ''Memel''. Due to political changes between 1923 and 1939, both names were in official use; since 1945 the Lithuanian name of ''Klaipėda'' is used. The names ''Memelburg'' and ''Memel'' are found in most written sources from the 13th century onwards, while ''Klaipėda'' is found in Lithuania-related sources since the 15th century. The first time the city was mentioned as ''Caloypede'' in the letter of Vytautas in 1413,〔("1413 – pirmąkart paminėtas vardas Klaipėda (Caloypede)" )〕 for the second time in the negotiation documents of 1420 as ''Klawppeda'',〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=www.klaipedainfo.lt )〕 and for the third time in the Treaty of Melno of 1422 as ''Cleupeda''. According to Samogitian folk etymology, the name ''Klaipėda'' refers to the boggy terrain of the town (''klaidyti''=obstruct and ''pėda''=foot). Most likely the name is of Curonian origin and means "even ground": "klais/klait" (flat, open, free) and "ped" (sole of the foot, ground). The lower reaches of the Neman River were named either *''Mēmele'' or *''Mēmela'' by Scalovians and local Curonian inhabitants. In the Latvian Curonian language it means ''mute, silent'' (''memelis, mimelis, mēms''). This name was adopted by speakers of German and also chosen for the new city founded further away at the lagoon. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Klaipėda」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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